PRIORITIES FOR ENSURING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF WATER BODIES IN TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS AND THE BASICS OF INTERSTATE USE OF TRANSBOUNDARY RIVERS
Keywords:
water management, water security, transboundary water bodies, shared water use, environmental safetyAbstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal problems of regulation of relations related to the state of transboundary water bodies in the conditions of economic activity of neighboring states and the environmental situation in these countries. As a result of a study of current international legislation and bilateral agreements between countries, priority areas for international cooperation in the field of environmental safety of transboundary water bodies were identified. The authors of the article indicated such areas of environmental safety as: Water-energy problem of the Central Asian countries; impact of climate change on water; Aral ecological crisis and its consequences for the natural environment of the Central Asian region. The authors of the article made recommendations on eliminating the environmental problems of transboundary water bodies. Along with this, the authors proposed recommendations for improving the legal situation with transboundary water bodies, as one of the directions for ensuring the water security of neighboring countries and world space as a whole. It is proposed to sign fundamental documents on legal issues of water allocation and protection of transboundary rivers on the basis of international law and bring the problem of transboundary rivers to the level of the SCO and tripartite negotiations (Russia, Kazakhstan, China). The authors of the study consider it necessary and justify the importance of building joint hydropower facilities on transboundary rivers, which will act as an effective mechanism for ensuring control over the state of transboundary water bodies. In addition, the authors propose to expand, improve and modernize the control network (gauging stations, etc.) in all river basins of Kazakhstan and China and to increase the efficiency of their work, since the existing gauging stations are not equipped with modern equipment, which affects the efficiency of their work.