TASKS OF CREATING FEDERAL TERRITORIES: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

The article examines specific tasks of national strategic importance, the impossibility of achieving which has led to the creation of territories under direct federal administration in the federations. For the purposes of this study, the author presents his own classification of territories under direct federal control, based on territorial and geographical criteria. Through comparative analysis, the author highlights the characteristics of the formation of such territories in modern federations. Referring to the established territorial structure of existing federal states, where territories under direct federal administration have been created, the author has identified and systematized the specialized tasks that are the basis for their creation in foreign federal states, as well as in the Russian Federation. It has been proven that some of the tasks of creating federal territories may be universal in nature, regardless of the specific form in which a particular territory under direct control from the federal center is established. The experience of creating federal territories in the Russian Federation has been studied, and the idea of creating other territories of direct federal subordination within its borders has been analyzed and evaluated in terms of its practical significance and feasibility. It has been substantiated that granting certain territories a legal regime that differs from that of ordinary territorial units of a federal state is dictated by a number of objectively existing factors that prevent the effective management of such territories. The prospects for further improvement of the institution of federal territories are assessed, and it is concluded that the specialized tasks pursued by the legislator in establishing federal territories can also be extended to unitary states, where in practice territories with a special legal regime are also created.