PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC CONCEPT HUMAN RIGHTS: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

Abstract

 The article examines the historical and legal aspects of the formation of the scientific concept of human rights. The analyzed period goes from the Manifesto of the Persian King Cyrus, the first Declaration of Human Rights in the history of mankind, to the Magna Carta, from the Great Bourgeois Revolution to the establishment of the United Nations to the present day. The paper traces the gradual transformation of the idea of human rights into a concept and, ultimately, into a universal principle of international law, which emphasizes its essential importance for the entire world community, of which the Republic of Kazakhstan is a full member.

In the course of writing the article, the author analyzed international acts, the works of foreign scientists, foreign and national legislation. The author focuses on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and other international acts. The article provides measurements of the universality and universality of human rights, characterizes the main features of human rights. One of the universal principles of the legal status of an individual is defined as equality. The author also highlights the work and importance of international organizations with a worldwide mandate and jurisdiction over certain aspects of human rights at the global level.

At the end of the article, the author proposed to identify the priority goals of limiting constitutional law in terms of increasing the responsibility of the state for ensuring the rights of citizens, and also made proposals for further improvement of the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Prosecutor's Office. The author believes that the adoption of the measures proposed by him contributes to the further reformation of the legal institution for the protection of citizens' rights.