COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPRISONMENT AND ALTERNATIVE PUNISHMENTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

The article examines the effectiveness of alternative measures of influence on offenders in comparison with punitive types of criminal punishment, such as imprisonment. The study of the effectiveness of alternative measures represents a relevant task with both theoretical and practical significance. Modern society requires such criminal justice measures that not only reduce the level of crime, but also contribute to the rehabilitation of offenders, reduction of recidivism, and the reliable protection of citizens from criminal encroachments. The article explores alternative measures of influence on offenders and the ways they are implemented in European countries, the United States, and Kazakhstan. The purpose of this article is to analyze and compare the legislative acts of countries that apply alternative measures to offenders, and to assess their degree of effectiveness. Upon completion of the study, the authors concluded that it is important to consider the humanistic aspect when choosing the type of criminal punishment. Modern justice must take into account not only the interests of society, but also the rights of convicted individuals, who should be given the opportunity to be rehabilitated. This can only be achieved through the application of punishment proportionate to the committed crime. Countries that follow a humane approach to justice demonstrate better results in reducing crime and promoting law-abiding behavior. In this regard, alternative types of punishment are more effective in the correction of convicts and in preventing the commission of new crimes. The authors also propose measures to improve the outcomes and effectiveness of probation control in Kazakhstan.